Smith Brothers has no retained earnings. The company uses the CAPM to calculate the cost of equity capital. The company's capital structure consists of common stock, preferred stock, and debt. Which of the following events will reduce the company's WACC?

a. The flotation costs associated with issuing new common stock increase.b. The company's beta increases.c. Expected inflation increases.d. The flotation costs associated with issuing preferred stock increase.e. The market risk premium declines.